Responses of two plant-derived bioinsecticides as protectants of smoke-dried catfish, Clarias gariepinus [Pisces: Clariidae] against hide beetle, Dermestes maculatus (De Geer) [Coleoptera: Dermestidae]

Abstract Background Toxicities of Vernonia amygdalina and Tithonia diversifolia leaf powders extracts on larva adult mortality Dermestes maculatus smoke-dried catfish were evaluated in the laboratory. The admixed at 1, 3, 6, 9 12 g/100 g smoked 500 ml plastic container while plant tested 12% concentrations. Results toxicities products concentrations exposure time dependent. Significant difference ( P < 0.05) existed between toxicity V. T. control. powder evoked 27.5, 40, 52.7, 60 82.5% larval mortalities various after 24 h catfishes to powder. Similarly, caused 20, 30, 42.5, 52.5 77.5% varying intervals achieved 100% dosage 96 treatment. Similar trend was response both as protectants against hide beetle. Conclusion extract more lethal than bitter amygdalina) could be integrated fish protectant beetle D. maculatus) .